What were 45 records called? 45 records, also known as 45 RPM records, were a type of vinyl record that played at a speed of 45 revolutions per minute. These records became popular in the mid-20th century and were primarily used for singles, offering a more convenient and durable format compared to their predecessors.
What Are 45 RPM Records?
45 RPM records are small vinyl discs measuring 7 inches in diameter. They were introduced by RCA Victor in 1949 as a response to Columbia Records’ 33 1/3 RPM long-playing (LP) format. The 45 records were designed to hold a single song on each side, making them ideal for singles and popular music hits.
Why Were 45 Records Popular?
Several factors contributed to the popularity of 45 RPM records:
- Compact Size: At 7 inches, they were smaller and easier to handle than the larger 12-inch LPs.
- Higher Fidelity: The faster speed allowed for better sound quality, making them appealing for music enthusiasts.
- Affordability: They were cheaper to produce and purchase, making music more accessible to the general public.
- Durability: Made from vinyl, they were more durable than their shellac predecessors, reducing breakage.
How Did 45 Records Impact the Music Industry?
The introduction of 45 records revolutionized the music industry by changing how music was consumed:
- Singles Market: They created a thriving market for singles, allowing artists to release individual hits without a full album.
- Jukebox Popularity: Their compact size made them perfect for jukeboxes, which became a staple in diners and bars.
- Youth Culture: The affordability and accessibility of 45s helped fuel the rise of youth culture and the rock ‘n’ roll era.
What Types of Music Were Released on 45 Records?
45 RPM records were used across various music genres, but they were particularly significant in the following:
- Rock and Roll: Artists like Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry released many iconic singles on 45s.
- Pop Music: The format was ideal for pop hits, with artists like The Beatles and The Supremes using it extensively.
- R&B and Soul: The 45 format was crucial for the distribution of R&B and soul music in the 1960s and 1970s.
Comparison of Record Formats
To better understand the significance of 45 RPM records, it’s helpful to compare them with other record formats:
| Feature | 45 RPM Records | 33 1/3 RPM LPs | 78 RPM Records |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diameter | 7 inches | 12 inches | 10 inches |
| Speed | 45 RPM | 33 1/3 RPM | 78 RPM |
| Capacity | 1 song per side | Multiple songs | 1 song per side |
| Material | Vinyl | Vinyl | Shellac |
| Sound Quality | High | High | Lower |
How to Care for Your 45 Records
Maintaining the quality of your 45 RPM records is essential for preserving their sound:
- Store Properly: Keep them in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
- Use Sleeves: Always store records in protective sleeves to prevent dust and scratches.
- Handle with Care: Hold records by the edges to avoid fingerprints and smudges.
How to Play 45 RPM Records?
Playing 45 records requires a turntable that supports the 45 RPM speed:
- Check Speed Settings: Ensure your turntable has a 45 RPM setting.
- Use an Adapter: Most 45s have a larger center hole, requiring a spindle adapter for proper play.
- Clean the Record: Use a soft brush to remove dust before playing.
People Also Ask
What is the difference between 33 and 45 RPM records?
The primary difference lies in their size, speed, and capacity. 33 RPM records are larger (12 inches) and play at a slower speed, allowing for more music per side. 45 RPM records are smaller (7 inches) and are typically used for singles with higher sound quality.
Why do 45 records have a big hole?
The larger center hole in 45 records was designed for ease of use in jukeboxes. This design allowed for quick and easy swapping of records in automated systems.
Can you play 45 RPM records on a regular turntable?
Yes, most modern turntables have a setting for 45 RPM. However, you may need a spindle adapter due to the larger hole in 45 records.
Are 45 records still made today?
While not as common as during their peak, some artists and collectors still produce and purchase 45 RPM records for their unique sound quality and nostalgic value.
How do you identify a 45 RPM record?
45 RPM records are typically 7 inches in diameter and have a larger center hole compared to other vinyl records. They usually contain one song per side and are labeled with the playing speed.
Conclusion
45 RPM records played a pivotal role in shaping the music industry, offering a convenient and high-quality format for singles. Their influence is still felt today, as they continue to be cherished by collectors and music enthusiasts. Whether you’re a seasoned vinyl collector or a newcomer, understanding the history and significance of 45 records enhances the appreciation of this timeless medium. If you’re interested in exploring more about vinyl records or music history, consider diving into related topics, such as the evolution of vinyl technology or the impact of digital music streaming.
